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Cross Connection Control/Backflow
What is Backflow?
Backflow is the undesirable reversal of flow in a potable water distribution system. Water that is always under pressure can only flow in one direction. Then how can water flow in reverse? Water will always flow towards the point of lowest pressure. If a water main were to break or if the fire department opened several fire hydrants to help fight a fire, the pressure in the water main could drop. The demand upstream could cause a reversal in flow.
Cross connections and the possibility of backflow need to be recognized so they do not occur. A garden hose submerged in a hot tub, swimming pool, car radiator or attached to an insect/fertilizer sprayer could siphon the liquid back into the water main. Water from an irrigation system could be siphoned back into the public water supply.
Backflow prevention assemblies which are installed to provide protection against health hazards (e.g. irrigation systems on properties with septic tanks/OSSF) must be tested annually.
Backflow prevention assemblies that are installed to provide protection against non-health hazards must be tested every five (5) years (e.g. irrigation systems on properties without septic tanks/OSSF, fire sprinkler systems, etc.).
For frequently asked questions, including whether your facility is required to have a backflow device, please see TCEQ Cross-Connection Control and Backflow Prevention.
What is Cross Connection?
A cross connection is a connection between a potable drinking water supply and a possible source of contamination or pollution. Under the provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1971, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established national standards for safe drinking water. Each state is required to enforce the various regulations of the Safe Drinking Water Act and how it relates to its state laws.
To meet these provisions, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) on January 1, 1996, enacted a state law which requires the public water suppliers to implement and enforce the Cross Connection Control Program requirements located in the Texas Administrative Code (TAC), Title 30, Chapter 290 of the Rules & Regulations for Public Water Suppliers.
Information for Testers/Installers:
The City of Llano has chosen to partner with Vepo, LLC to allow for the online submission of Backflow Prevention Assembly Test and Maintenance Reports. All testing information will be entered directly by the tester into the online password protected system provided by Vepo, LLC. Testers will no longer be able to submit paper test reports directly to the city. Testers/installers need to be registered with the City of Llano through the Permitting Department.
All Backflow Prevention Testers (BAPTs) are required to register with Vepo, LLC. Upon registration and verification of license, insurance, and test gauge accuracy report, the tester will be added to the approved list of Backflow Prevention Assembly Testers.
Note: Backflow prevention assemblies on fire protection sprinkler systems are required by the State Fire Marshall to be tested and/or repaired by a BPAT who is a full-time employee of a fire protection sprinkler company that is licensed with the State Fire Marshall’s Office.